Do not remember the prevalence of vascular diseases.In the summer season, every time you go out you can see a blue network on caviar in women and men.How dangerous this pathology is, probably not everyone knows.
What is varicose veins
What is varicose veins?This is a disease when the peripheral arteries swell.They become enveloping, knotted, protrude above the surface of the skin.
Normal blood circulation is disturbed, pressure occurs.
When it reaches maximum concentration, the walls of the vessels are stretched.
The legs turn blue, due to the large number of protruding vessels and venous networks.
Risk factors
Factors that provoke the appearance of varicose veins include:
- take hormonal drugs, pregnancy;
- influence of extra pounds, obesity;
- hereditary factor;
- He works at high temperatures, constantly sitting or standing.
You need to constantly monitor your way of life.Do not allow overload of legs, great physical activity.
Perform prevention as soon as they looked like the first signs.
Causes
There are two conditional subgroups: the main and secondary causes of malaise.
Primary:
- hard physical work;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- body weight sets;
- hereditary factor;
- Genetic position.
Secondary:
- stress and experiences;
- the pressure in the area of the arterial blood tax;
- Physical training with increased weight;
- too tight clothes, tight shoes;
- Violation of the endocrine system.
The mechanism of development of varicose veins
It all starts with manifestations of light, it seems that simple fatigue acts on the joints.At the end of the working day, swelling appears, pain in the calves, convulsions periodically bother.
Soon, there are manifestations with a naked eye.First of all, a light vascular mesh occurs on the legs and then nodular.
The disease development mechanism must be stopped as soon as the first pain has been warned.
Phases
There are 6 phases of varicose veins.They develop quickly quickly.If you do not treat the disease at the first stage, you can find yourself quickly on the operational table.
Grade - 0. A person begins to feel the full range of sensations inherent in the disease, but the examination does not show a positive result.
Grado - 1. Progress symptoms and a venous network appears on the legs.
Grade - 2. From this stage begins a manifestation of typical varicose veins.The joints are sore after a load or long stagnation.The arteries swell, nodes appear.
The degree - 3. The rest is added edema, which is more pronounced in the evening.
Grade - 4. Trophic changes are developing.The limbs acquire a sore appearance, the skin color changes and wounds appear.
Grado - 5. The totality of all the events and a healed ulcer.
Grade - 6. The trophic ulcer continues to develop actively.
Types of vascular malaise
This classification of varicose veins is divided according to the types of the body concerned.
There are only 4 types, namely:
- reticular varicose veins.There are no complications at this stage, only small capillaries are touched.Therapy quickly eliminates this defect;
- segmental.It is considered the initial stage of varicose veins.The tributary arteries are tuned;
- The trunk is called varicose veins when a large and small subcutaneous artery participates.The ducts increase, since the symptom is not enough;
- Perforating.The connection veins and the surface vessels under the skin are expanded.
The listed types of varicose veins are characteristics of different phases of development and manifestation of venous deformation.
Of the disease is dangerous in the absence of timely therapy
With this pathology, it is very important to turn to specialists in a timely manner.Each stage quickly goes into a new one.
As varicose veins acquire momentum, they can turn into more serious problems.
- Thrombosis.When blood thickens, it blocks blood vessels.Blood clots form.The legs hurt and swell.
- Teleangectasie.A disorder that does not aesthetically decorate the legs.Vascular networks appear.Cramps and swelling are also annoying.
- Thrombophlebitis.A complex disease with characteristic symptoms.Dark skin, redness, blockage of blood vessels, blood clots.
- Trophic ulcer.This is a consequence of a severe form of varicose veins.Blood circulation is impaired, open wounds and ulcers appear.
- Bleeding.The arteries cover and swell the skin so much that it eventually thins and tears.The bleeding can be internal or external.
Diagnostics
Often the symptoms are expressed clearly and clearly.
You shouldn't make a diagnosis alone;It is better to undergo an exam by specialists.
Patients' complaints
Initially the varicose veins do not manifest themselves in any way.
The most common complaints can be swelling, tiredness after walking in heels and night cramps.
Clinical examination
The appearance of the lower limbs will indicate the diagnosis.The legs are swollen, with mild or pronounced vascular network.
In the last stages, ulcers are possible.
Instrumental techniques
The doctor should be referred to ultrasound diagnostics.This method is very informative.It will show the status of blood vessels, blood flow, patency, blood clots and so on.
Laboratory techniques
Using the tests, it is not possible to find a pathology, but this will certainly help to discover the condition of the blood.
An excessive amount of leukocytes indicates that an inflammatory process occurs in the body.
Which specialists should contact
If disturbed signs and symptoms are detected, specialists will immediately conduct diagnostics.
Which doctor is necessary?
First of all, a phlebologist.The doctor's specialization is aimed precisely at the study of vein pathologies.
Therapist.The doctor will surely prescribe the tests, according to the results he will direct to a specific specialist, who will significantly save your time.
Vascular surgeon.Its task is simple, to identify whether the state of the vein and blood vessels has changed in relation to the development of the disease.Accordingly, prescribe treatment or prevention.
Angiologist.Specialists in this area prefer conservative intervention.This only helps to eliminate the subsequent growth of symptoms.Therefore, in the heavy phases, visiting this doctor will be inappropriate.
Symptoms of pathology
To not run
The incurable complication disorder must be known to know all the symptoms that may appear during the development of this disorder.
The main characteristics:
- the appearance of heat;
- pain and heaviness;
- In the evening, swelling and convulsions;
- The venous network is brighter than usual;
- Skin seal.
Minor characteristics:
- External changes cover only the area of \u200b\u200bthe hole under the knee and the back of the leg;
- The affected tissues are felt;
- swelling of soft fabrics and feet;
- Skin pigmentation and compaction;
- Trophic ulcers.
There are also serious symptoms of varicose veins, which require immediate hospitalization: bleeding, breaking the knots.
Therapy
The supposed treatment of varicose veins depends on its progression.
Patients who immediately seek medical help can do with conservative methods.
Pharmacological treatment
After suffering a medical diagnostic, the doctor prescribes a course of drugs necessary for the case.
After the course of admission, the patient must undergo diagnostics a second time to make sure that it is not necessary to continue the treatment.
In other cases, medications are resumed.
The use of compression materials
The phlebologist individually selects special underwear, which restores without surgical intervention.
Diet
The patient needs to eat food to strengthen vascular walls, preventing blood coagulation and the formation of blood clots.They contain the main component: the heap.
For example: red currant, garlic, cherry, lemon.
Physical therapy
Exercise is very important for this disease.
Useful loads activate blood circulation and flow towards the lower limbs.
Physiotherapy
One of the methods for treating varicose veins is physiotherapy.The procedures are selected and prescribed only by a doctor based on the individual course of the disease.
This could be a massage or a laser method.
Hirudotherapy
This procedure relaxes muscles, thins blood, normalizes blood pressure and restores lymphatic drainage.
Surgery
Surgical measures are used when the patient seeks late.
Main surgical methods: phlebectomy, short stripping, endoscopic venous dissection.
Prevention of varicose veins
Preventive methods of the disease are very important, especially in the initial stage of development.
Try to walk more and avoid wearing tight shoes and clothes.Do not get carried away with going to the bathhouse or sauna.
After a hard day, you can do simple exercises that favor relaxation.
Gymnastics
Light exercises, selected by a specialist, will help to activate blood circulation in the legs.
There are complexes that can be performed not only at home, but also at work.
Traditional therapy
Sometimes grandmother's folk treatment methods are no less effective.
Here are some:
- Horse chestnut tincture.Three courses of treatment are needed, each of which works like this: for 7 days before meals, drink a spoonful of tincture.Afterwards we take a break for 14 days and then continue.To make it you need to take 50 grams of plant flowers, 0.5 liters of alcohol.Pour in the chestnuts and leave to rest for two weeks.
- To strengthen blood vessels, drink fresh fruit and vegetable juices every day.Regular saturation of the body with vitamins prevents the development of the disease.
What is harmful to varicose veins
The disease described above does not like heat and huge power loads.You cannot jump, run or exercise on a treadmill or steppe.
Even lovers of the barbell will have to postpone the session to eliminate the load on the lower limbs.